Names and pronunciation
(ba lox′a′veer mar box′el) Xofluza
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Drug reference
(ba lox′a′veer mar box′el) Xofluza
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Func. class.: Antiviral—influenza
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Chem. class.: Endonuclease inhibitor
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ACTION: Baloxavir, the active metabolite of baloxavir marboxil, is responsible for the drug’s antiviral activity; inhibits the activity of polymerase acidic (PA) protein, an influenza virus–specific enzyme
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USES: Treatment of acute uncompli- cated influenza A virus or influenza B virus infection
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CONTRAINDICATIONS: Hyper- sensitivity Precautions: Bacterial infections, child <12 yr
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SIDE EFFECTS CNS: Headache GI: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting RESP: Bronchitis, nasopharyngitis
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INTERACTIONS • Avoid use with laxatives, antacids, oral supplements (calcium, iron, mag- nesium, selenium, zinc), dairy prod- ucts, may decrease baloxavir level • Avoid use with live attenuated influenza vaccines
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DOSAGE AND ROUTES • Adult/adolescent/child >12 yr ≥80 kg: PO 80 mg single dose; 40-79 kg: 40 mg single dose
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Available forms: Tablets 20 mg, 40 mg
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Administer: • Begin treatment within 48 hr of symp- tom onset • Administer with or without food • Avoid with dairy products, calcium- fortified beverages, laxatives, antacids, or oral supplements (calcium, iron, magne- sium, selenium, zincs), other calcium- containing agents
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Assess: • Flulike symptoms: duration, onset, B specific symptoms (fever, cough, muscle aches and pains) • Pregnancy/breastfeeding: no adverse effects in animals regarding pregnancy and breastfeeding; influenza may pose health hazard to mother and fetus
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Evaluate: • Therapeutic response: relief of symp- toms of influenza A or B
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CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
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Patient and caregiver information: • Pregnancy/lactation: to notify health care provider if pregnancy is planned or suspected, or if breastfeeding • To take within 48 hr of flu symptoms • To avoid use with laxatives, antacids, oral supplements (calcium, iron, magne- sium, selenium, zinc), dairy products • To avoid use with live attenuated influ- enza vaccines
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PHARMACOKINETICS Protein binding >92%, metabolized by metabolic pathway by UGT1A3, CYP3A4, excretion urine 14.7%, feces 80%, onset unknown, peak 4 hr, duration unknown, half-life 79 hr
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• Adult/adolescent/child >12 yr ≥80 kg: PO 80 mg single dose; 40-79 kg: 40 mg single dose
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