Names and pronunciation
(a-toe′va-kwon) Mepron
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Individual generic drug information
Extracted information for atovaquone only.
(a-toe′va-kwon) Mepron
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Func. class.: Antiprotozoal
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Chem. class.: Analog of ubiquinone
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ACTION: Interferes with DNA/RNA synthesis in protozoa
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USES: Pneumocystis jiroveci infec- tions in patients intolerant of trimeth oprim-sulfamethoxazole; prophylaxis
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Extracted information for atovaquone only.
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Hyper- sensitivity or history of developing life- threatening allergic reactions to any component of the formulation, benzyl alcohol sensitivity Precautions: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, neonates, hepatic disease, GI disease, respiratory insufficiency
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SIDE EFFECTS CNS: Dizziness, headache, anxiety, insomnia, asthenia, fever CV: Hypotension GI: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, increased AST/ALT, acute pan- creatitis, constipation, abdominal pain HEMA: Anemia, neutropenia INTEG: Pruritus, urticaria, rash META: Hypoglycemia, hyponatremia OTHER: Cough, dyspnea
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INTERACTIONS Increase: level of—zidovudine; monitor for toxicity Decrease: effect of atovaquone—meto- clopramide, rifAMPin, rifabutin, tetracy- cline; avoid concurrent use Drug/Food • Increased absorption with food Drug/Lab Test Increase: AST, ALT, alk phos Decrease: glucose, neutrophils, HB, sodium NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
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Extracted information for atovaquone only.
DOSAGE AND ROUTES Acute, mild, moderate Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia • Adult and adolescent 13-16 yr: PO 750 mg with food bid for 21 days Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, prophylaxis • Adult and adolescent >13 yr: PO 1500 mg/day with meal
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Available forms: Suspension 750 mg/5 mL
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Administer: • If vomiting occurs after ingestion, no- tify prescriber • With high-fat food to increase absorp- tion of product and higher plasma con- centrations • Oral suspension; shake gently before using • All contents of foil pouch, pour in spoon or directly into mouth
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Extracted information for atovaquone only.
Assess: • Infection: WBC, vital signs; sputum baseline, periodically; obtain specimens needed before giving first dose • Bowel pattern before, during treatment • Respiratory status: rate, character, wheezing, dyspnea; risk for respiratory infection • Allergies before treatment, reaction to each medication
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Evaluate: • Therapeutic response: C&S negative • Decreased infection signs/symptoms
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Patient and caregiver information: A • To take with food to increase plasma concentrations • Pregnancy/breastfeeding: identify if pregnancy is planned or suspected; use cautiously in breastfeeding • To take product as prescribed, not to skip or double dose
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Extracted information for atovaquone only.
PHARMACOKINETICS Excreted unchanged in feces (94%), protein binding (99%), half-life 2-3 days, peak 1-8 hr
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Filter the extracted dose blocks for this individual drug.
Acute, mild, moderate Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
• Adult and adolescent 13-16 yr: PO 750 mg with food bid for 21 days Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, prophylaxis
Candidate age grouping · source page 124
Acute, mild, moderate Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
• Adult and adolescent >13 yr: PO 1500 mg/day with meal
Candidate age grouping · source page 124