Therapeutic Action
Antiretroviral, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
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Individual generic drug information
Extracted information for ZIDOVUDINE only.
Antiretroviral, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Source page 336
HIV infection, in combination with other antiretrovirals Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in neonates, alone or in combination with other antiretrovirals
Source page 336
Extracted information for ZIDOVUDINE only.
Do not administer to patients with severe haematologic disorders (anaemia, neutropenia). Administer with caution to: patients with hepatic impairment or coinfection with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus; neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia or raised transaminases. Reduce dosage in patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment. May cause: rash, gastrointestinal disturbances, myopathy; haematologic disorders (monitor FBC), hepatic disorders (e.g. anorexia, nausea, general malaise, dark urine, pale stools, hepatomegaly, jaundice) and lactic acidosis. Stop AZT in the event of: severe anaemia or neutropenia. AZT may be resumed following recovery with reduced dosage and close surveillance. signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis (e.g. rapid or difficult breathing, anorexia, nausea, fatigue, weakness, myalgias). If lactic acidosis is confirmed, stop AZT permanently. Avoid combination with ribavirin (increased risk of anaemia). Use with caution and monitor combination with co-trimoxazole, dapsone, pyrimethamine (increased risk of haematotoxicity), fluconazole (increased AZT plasma concentrations). Pregnancy: no contra-indication
Source pages 337, 338
Extracted information for ZIDOVUDINE only.
Single formulations: 300 mg tablet 50 mg/5 ml oral solution Fixed-dose combinations with lamivudine (3TC): 300 mg zidovudine/150 mg lamivudine breakable and dispersible tablet 60 mg zidovudine/30 mg lamivudine breakable and dispersible tablet
Source page 336
HIV infection, in combination with other antiretrovirals The daily dose is administered in 2 divided doses. Child 1 month and over and adult: 50 mg/5 300 mg tablet 60 mg AZT /30 mg Daily ml oral Weight or 300 mg AZT/150 mg 3TC dose sol. 3TC tablet tablet (10 mg/ml) 3 to < 6 kg 120 mg 6 ml x 2 – 1 tab x 2 6 to < 10 kg 180 mg 9 ml x 2 – 1 ½ tab x 2 10 to < 14 kg 240 mg 12 ml x 2 – 2 tab x 2 14 to < 20 kg 300 mg 15 ml x 2 – 2 ½ tab x 2 20 to < 25 kg 360 mg 18 ml x 2 – 3 tab x 2 ≥ 25 kg 600 mg – 1 tab x 2 – PMTCT of HIV in neonates Full term neonate: Follow national recommendations. For information (WHO simplified age-based dosage): From birth to 6 weeks of age (from 0 to 42 days): 15 mg (1.5 ml) oral suspension 2 times daily Then, if indicated: After 6 weeks and up to 12 weeks of age (from 43 to 84 days): 60 mg (6 ml) oral suspension 2 times daily Preterm or low-birth weight neonate: seek specialist advice.
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HIV infection: depending on the efficacy and tolerance of AZT. PMTCT: depending on the risk of acquiring HIV infection (for information): High risk: 6 weeks (AZT combined with nevirapine). For breastfed children, this combined treatment may be extended for an additional 6 weeks. Low risk: 4 to 6 weeks (AZT alone), only for non-breastfed children.
Source page 337
Extracted information for ZIDOVUDINE only.
AZT is also used for the treatment of HIV infection in neonates, in combination with other antiretrovirals. Check national recommendations. Also comes in fixed-dose combinations with other antiretrovirals. For PMTCT, zidovudine is sometimes given as a fixed-dose combination of zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine.
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– Below 25 °C
Source page 338
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